Congenital Anomaly
Cleft lip
A cleft lip can be on one or both sides of the lip or in the middle of the lip, which occurs very rarely. Children with a cleft lip also can have a cleft palate. Children with a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate or a cleft palate alone often have problems with feeding and speaking clearly and can have ear infections. They also might have hearing problems and problems with their teeth.
A V Fistula
The AVF needs to be planned at least one or two months before starting HD, a time required for the proper maturation of the VA. A correct flow-chart should include a preoperative phase, an operative phase, and a postoperative one. Clinical and instrumental evaluation is necessary to decide the type of VA, the technical approach, and the correct follow-up to handle complications as early as possible. To preserve the vascular system, it is important to avoid blood withdrawals or intravenous infusions from the arm and forearm, and to use the veins of the hand for these purposes.
Cleft Palate
The lip forms between the fourth and seventh weeks of pregnancy. As a baby develops during pregnancy, body tissue and special cells from each side of the head grow toward the center of the face and join together to make the face.
This joining of tissue forms the facial features, like the lips and mouth. A cleft lip happens if the tissue that makes up the lip does not join completely before birth. This results in an opening in the upper lip. The opening in the lip can be a small slit or it can be a large opening that goes through the lip into the nose.
A cleft lip can be on one or both sides of the lip or in the middle of the lip, which occurs very rarely. Children with a cleft lip also can have a cleft palate. Children with a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate or a cleft palate alone often have problems with feeding and speaking clearly and can have ear infections. They also might have hearing problems and problems with their teeth.
A V Fistula
The AVF needs to be planned at least one or two months before starting HD, a time required for the proper maturation of the VA. A correct flow-chart should include a preoperative phase, an operative phase, and a postoperative one. Clinical and instrumental evaluation is necessary to decide the type of VA, the technical approach, and the correct follow-up to handle complications as early as possible. To preserve the vascular system, it is important to avoid blood withdrawals or intravenous infusions from the arm and forearm, and to use the veins of the hand for these purposes.
Cleft Palate
The roof of the mouth (palate) is formed between the sixth and ninth weeks of pregnancy. A cleft palate happens if the tissue that makes up the roof of the mouth does not join together completely during pregnancy. For some babies, both the front and back parts of the palate are open. For other babies, only part of the palate is open.
Children with a cleft lip with or without a cleft palate or a cleft palate alone often have problems with feeding and speaking clearly and can have ear infections. They also might have hearing problems and problems with their teeth.
Hypospadias Repair
Hypospadias Repair
Hypospadias repair is surgery to correct a defect in the opening of the penis that is present at birth. The urethra (the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body) does not end at the tip of the penis. Instead, it ends on the underside of the penis. Hypospadias is a male birth defect in which the opening of the tube that carries urine from the body (urethra) develops abnormally, usually on the underside of the penis.
The opening can occur anywhere from just below the end of the penis to the scrotum. Some hypospadias abnormalities are so minor that no treatment is needed. However, in most cases it is treated with surgery. The aim of the surgery is to bring the urine opening to the tip of the penis, and to correct any penile bending.
Flaps for Myelomeningocele
Flaps for Myelomeningocele
Meningomyelocele is a type of spina bifida. Spina bifida is a birth defect in which the spinal canal and the backbone don't close before the baby is born. This type of birth defect is also called a neural tube defect. Meningocele repair (also known as myelomeningocele repair) is surgery to repair birth defects of the spine and spinal membranes. Meningocele and myelomeningocele are types of spina bifida.
Hydrocephalus. Many babies born with spina bifida get hydrocephalus (often called water on the brain). This means that there is extra fluid in and around the brain. The extra fluid can cause the spaces in the brain, called ventricles, to become too large and the head can swell. The cause of myelomeningocele is unknown. However, low levels of folic acid in a woman's body before and during early pregnancy appear to play a part in this type of birth defect. The vitamin folic acid (or folate) is important for brain and spinal cord development.
Congenital Melanocytic Nevus Excision
To remove a congenital pigmented nevus are first to reduce melanoma risk and second to improve appearance which can be fundamental to improving a patient’s overall psychosocial state. Other reasons to remove a nevus may be to improve the strength, texture, sensation, and sweat gland activity of the affected area.
Congenital Melanocytic Nevus Excision
To remove a congenital pigmented nevus are first to reduce melanoma risk and second to improve appearance which can be fundamental to improving a patient’s overall psychosocial state. Other reasons to remove a nevus may be to improve the strength, texture, sensation, and sweat gland activity of the affected area.
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